1. Observe Distance Between Genitals and Anus
- Males:
5–8mm gap between anus and genitals, covered by fur in between.
- Females:
Parts are tightly adjacent (1–3mm), forming a closed slit-like appearance.
2. Check Scent Glands and Nipples
- Males:
- Prominent scent gland (resembling a navel) at the abdominal center, which secretes odor markers.
- No visible nipples.
- Females:
- Scent gland is tiny or unnoticeable.
- Two rows of nipples (6–8 total) visible even in young pups.
3. Distinct Traits in Adult Hamsters
- Males:
- Testicles hang down (especially in Syrian hamsters), with a rounded, almond-shaped hindquarters.
- Females:
- Hindquarters form an inverted triangle, with a tightly closed anus.
- Abdomen sags when pregnant.
4. Size and Behavioral Differences
- Males:
- Stockier build, docile temperament, and frequent territory-marking behaviors.
- Females:
- Rounder physique, higher alertness, and release a distinct odor during estrus.
Notes
- Young pups (under 3 weeks): Reproductive features are indistinct; wait until they’re 1 month old for accurate sexing.
- Cryptorchid males: Misidentification risks exist if testicles haven’t descended; cross-verify with anal distance.
- Estrus females: Anus may swell—differentiate from male testicles.
Handling Tips
Gently cradle the hamster to inspect its abdomen, or use a cotton swab to lightly touch the scent gland (males will squirm in response). If unsure, consult a vet.