Hamsters are classic nocturnal animals, with behavioral patterns shaped by both genetic habits and survival strategies. Here’s why:
I. Evolutionary Adaptation Mechanisms
Evading Predators
Wild hamsters need to avoid daytime predators like birds of prey and snakes. Being active at night drastically reduces their risk of being hunted. In dark environments, their hearing and sense of smell become more acute, aiding navigation and foraging.
Physiological Adaptations
Their retinal structure is less sensitive to bright light—intense light can damage their vision or even cause stress. Cooler nighttime temperatures (15–25°C) are also better suited to their metabolic needs.
II. Activity Rhythm Traits
Sleep cycles: They sleep 12–18 hours during the day, with peak activity at night between 9:00 PM and 4:00 AM.
Behavioral patterns: At night, they forage for food, run on wheels (covering up to 8 kilometers per night), and explore their territory.
III. Tips for Captive Care
Environmental Adjustments
Avoid disturbing their daytime sleep—keep their cage shaded. Provide a quiet wheel and space for nighttime activity.
Health Monitoring
If their circadian rhythm is disrupted (e.g., excessive sleep throughout the day), check for pseudohibernation (temperatures below 15°C) or illness. Warning signs include loss of appetite and a damp tail.